The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard 1100-1999 2.2.83 Defines a transient as the following:

“A sub-cycle disturbance in the ac waveform that is evidenced by a sharp, brief discontinuity of the waveform.”

A less technical definition:

Brief but powerful over-voltages and over-currents on an electrical circuit.

Plain English:

Power Surge, Voltage Spike or Electrical Impulse.

External Transients can be very powerful surges. These surge types are responsible for about 20% of power quality related electrical and electronics damages.

Very large and intense surges can strike without notice in the form of:

· Lightning Strikes

· Utility Grid Switching

· Power System Faults

Other damaging external transients can be generated by the activities of nearby industrial or commercial facilities which in turn can affect their neighbors’ incoming power quality.

Internal Transients are responsible for about 80% of electrical and electronic equipment damage. These surges are the result of everyday equipment operations. Surge causing equipment includes but is not limited to:

· Variable Frequency Drives & Adjustable Speed Drives

· HVAC

· Motors

· Welders

· Copiers

· Printers

· Microwaves

· Lighting & Lighting Controls

· Transient Voltage Suppression System

· The Stedi Power units are dual rated system being rated as an arrestor and suppressor. in a commercial or manufacturing site surge equipment must be dual rated to be in code.

Stedi Power units clamp the electrical power in five nanoseconds and then the unit resets itself and is ready for the next surge. Units have a continuous voltage rating of 130 volts before clamping begins. Clamping is the point in a circuit that voltage is allowed to pass through before starting to fully clamp. This will stop further electricity to flow thru to the rest of the circuits in the home. If the surge continues to increase the Stedi Power unit will sacrifice itself and completely shut down all electricity.

The Celec Smart Capacitor unit stores unused energy and releases it in the form of kVA and kVAr. The Smart Power Factor Controller understands power consumption and sets the capacitance saving level. Its energy consumption monitor allows energy use to be optimized in real-time with a Bluetooth connection. This unit has been designed for load fluctuations and maximizes in-phase energy. This intelligent monitoring increases potential energy savings at low and at peak energy demand levels. Can be used in conjunction with renewable energy sources like Solar Panel, Wind Turbine, and Inverters, etc.

Power Factor is the ratio between kW (Kilowatt) and kVA (kilovolt-Amps) drawn by an electrical load where the kW is the actual power and kVA is the apparent power. It is a measure of how effectively the current is being converted into useful work output. More particularly, power factor is a good indicator of the effect of the current on the efficiency of the power system. Low PF is generally the result of an inductive load such as an induction motor, power transformer, lighting ballasts, welder, or induction furnace. A low power factor due to an inductive load can be improved by the addition of a power factor correction panel.